Common weld quality defects are as follows: the weld height is too large or too small, the weld surface should be beautiful, and the weld base material should be smoothly transitioned. If it is too large, it will easily cause stress concentration. If it is too small, it will cause stress concentration. Insufficient tensile strength, which can be tested with a weld inspection ruler. For example, when the weld groove is automatically welded by gas protection, if the groove angle is widened and the center line of the wire and the groove are not centered, it is easy to produce a groove defect which is not welded on the other side of the weld. The defect is generally formed by the fact that the wire is not oscillated, and its properties are more serious than the undercut. The bearing capacity of the member is affected by the reduction of the cross section of the weld. The false soldering refers to a case where the base material is not melted, and the molten metal flows from one side of the base material to the other side during the welding to fill the groove, and the two are not actually fused. When the rod is a tension member, the side of the dummy weld is pulled apart, and the consequences are extremely serious. Porosity, slag inclusions, crater cracks, undercuts, welds, etc. in the secondary welds, except for a certain allowable range of undercuts, the remaining defects are not allowed to exist, and those who fail to meet the requirements should be repaired. . These defects, which are not welded, unfused or cracked, are mainly found inside the weld, and ultrasonic testing is generally used for flaw detection. Due to the small diameter and small thickness of the grid members, the weld flaw detection has certain technical difficulties. When the grid structure is completed and the overall acceptance is completed, the height difference and the lowest and highest bearings of the adjacent supports should be checked. The height difference between the two should not exceed the allowable value. However, when the grid has been built and many of the supports are closed or inconvenient to observe, the actual measurement cannot be performed. Only the completion data can be used for judgment and analysis. Grid deflection and dimension The vertical and horizontal dimensions and deflection values ​​of the grid are a comprehensive indicator of the processing quality, installation deviation, design quality and usage of the grid components. Measurements must be made. For the grids that have been built, especially those that have been used, it is often difficult to use the ordinary steel tape measure for vertical and horizontal measurement, and the laser is faster, more convenient and more accurate.
The detection principle adopts the ray vertical projection method to take the film of the sleeve part of the ball joint, so that the number of threads on the bolt in the sleeve is clearly displayed on the film, that is, the length, the number of threads and the thread length of the bolt of the same specification are standard values, thereby quantitative calculation The length of the thread that the bolt is screwed into the ball. Whether there is a gap between the bolt head and the cone sealing plate in the film image can determine whether the screwing depth of the bolt is sufficient. The calculation method is to ensure that the bolt screwing degree meets the specification requirements. The principle of error calculation error control is to take a negative deviation in the negative reading as much as possible to ensure a positive deviation in the calculation of the bolt screwing degree.
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