Fused silica, also known as silica glass or quartz glass, is an amorphous form of silicon dioxide (SiOâ‚‚). Unlike crystalline quartz, it lacks a regular atomic structure and instead has a disordered, glassy arrangement. This unique structure gives fused silica exceptional thermal stability, making it ideal for high-temperature applications.
The production process begins with high-purity silica raw materials, which are melted in electric arc or resistance furnaces at temperatures ranging from 1695 to 1720°C. Due to its high melt viscosity—around 10ⷠPa·s at 1900°C—fused silica cannot be easily cast using traditional methods. Instead, it is cooled and solidified into a transparent glass body, which serves as the base material for various advanced products.
Fused silica finds extensive use in precision casting, glass-ceramics, refractory materials, and electronic components. Its low coefficient of thermal expansion and excellent optical properties make it particularly valuable in industries requiring high performance and reliability.
The purity levels of fused silica are strictly controlled. The highest grade must contain at least 99.99% SiOâ‚‚, while lower grades may have a minimum of 99.96%, 99.95%, 99.7%, or even 99.6%. These variations determine the suitability of the material for different applications, from scientific instruments to industrial manufacturing.
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