Winter holly (Ilex cornuta 'Red Beauty') is a popular ornamental variety that thrives in sunny and cool, dry conditions. It is cold-tolerant but sensitive to high humidity and heat. The ideal growing environment is a well-drained, sandy soil rich in organic matter. It is best to transplant or repot this plant in spring. During the growing season, it requires ample sunlight. Insufficient light can affect fruit color, plant shape, and fruit production. If planted outdoors, choose a sunny and well-ventilated spot in the garden. For potted plants, place them in a location where they receive plenty of direct sunlight.
Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged during the growing period. In June, which is the critical time for flower bud formation, reduce watering for two to three weeks. Water only when the new leaves begin to wilt slightly, as this helps promote the development of flower buds. During the early growth stage, you can apply a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer, but after June, it's best to stop or limit nitrogen and instead increase phosphorus, potassium, and essential micronutrients like calcium and magnesium. This will improve fruit quality, enhance visual appeal, and help the branches grow strong, which is beneficial for flower bud formation.
Regular pruning is also important. Pinch back the tips of the branches to prevent excessive elongation and encourage better nutrient distribution, which supports fruit development. Winter holly does not tolerate high temperatures well. If the temperature exceeds 35°C for an extended period, provide shade and ensure good air circulation to keep the plant cool. During winter, potted plants can be placed in a sheltered outdoor area facing south or kept in a cold room with temperatures between 0°C and 10°C for protection.
Before the spring growth season begins, perform a thorough pruning to shape the plant. Remove any diseased, dead, crossing, or overly dense branches, and cut back long shoots to improve air circulation and maintain an attractive form. Repot every one to two years in early spring. The potting mix should consist of equal parts leaf mold and garden soil, plus half a part coarse sand, along with a small amount of hoof chips or well-composted animal manure as a base fertilizer.
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