Aluminum alloy doors and windows are profiled components that undergo surface treatment before being assembled. The manufacturing process includes blanking, punching, milling, tapping, and window assembly, where the frame components are joined using connecting parts, seals, and hardware for opening and closing. These products come in various types based on their structure and operation methods, such as sliding, hinged, pivot, screen, louvers, fixed, and suspended windows. Additionally, they can be categorized by color, including silver, gold, bronze, black, and yellow, among OTHERS. Depending on the width of the cross-section, they are also classified into different series like 38, 42, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100 series.
Before leaving the factory, aluminum alloy doors and windows must pass strict performance tests to ensure they meet required specifications. Key properties evaluated include:
- Strength: Measured by the pressure rating during air pressure testing, expressed in N/m². Standard windows typically reach 1,960 to 2,353 N/m², while high-performance models can go up to 2,353 to 2,764 N/m². Under these pressures, the central displacement of the window frame should not exceed 1/70 of its inner height.
- Air Tightness: Tested in a pressure chamber with a pressure difference of 4.9 to 9.4 N/m². The air leakage is measured in m³/(h·m²). Standard windows usually have a leakage rate of 8 m³/(h·m²) or less, while high-seal models can achieve as low as 2 m³/(h·m²).
- Water Tightness: A sine wave pulse pressure of 2 seconds is applied to the outside of the window, while artificial rain at 4 liters per minute per m² is sprayed. After 10 minutes of continuous "wind and rain" testing, there should be no visible water leakage. The water tightness is expressed by the average pressure applied, with standard windows reaching 343 N/m² and high-performance models resisting up to 490 N/m².
- Opening and Closing Force: The force needed to open or close the window when glass is installed should not exceed 49 N.
- Sound Insulation: Tested in an acoustic lab, the sound transmission loss is measured at different frequencies. The insulation level is determined by the loss curve. Standard windows can reduce noise by 25 dB, while high-insulation models can achieve 30–45 dB.
- Thermal Insulation: Expressed in thermal convection resistance (m²·h·°C/kJ), with three levels: R1 = 0.05, R2 = 0.06, and R3 = 0.07.
These rigorous tests ensure that aluminum alloy doors and windows are durable, energy-efficient, and suitable for a wide range of applications, from residential to commercial buildings.
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