This summer, the high temperature in many places throughout the country led to the rapid growth of the electricity load. In July, the national power grid operating areas in North China, East China, Central China, and Northwest four regional power grids and 21 provincial power grids used a historical record. Despite the severe situation, the high temperature did not cause serious power supply shortages, and the government departments did not issue major warnings about the high temperature power shortage in summer. On the one hand, the overall supply of power coal is loose, and industrial power is kept in a smooth and orderly manner. This year has played a fundamental support role in the peak summer of this year; on the other hand, the State Grid Corporation of China has vigorously promoted cross-regional power that has begun to take shape in recent years. The configuration pattern, especially the UHV transmission lines put into operation in the past two years, has played a "fresh force" role in the power supply this summer.
Take East China Power Grid as an example. In July, State Grid Corporation of China dispatched all the cross-regional channels in East China to full-load operation, and delivered UHV DC with full power of 6.4 million kilowatts and Jinsu UHV DC 5.2 million kilowatts, plus the Three Gorges DC and other cross- The district's power transmission channel sent the largest electric power in East China to 24.52 million kilowatts, which is an increase of 6 million kilowatts compared to the summer last year, which is equivalent to the construction of 6 million kilowatt-class thermal power units. For the core area of ​​the Yangtze River Delta, receiving power from outside the district has become the main means to meet the demand for new power, and the proportion of power supply is continuously increasing. In July, the share of electricity received by Jiangsu outside the district reached 15% of the load, and the proportion of electricity received outside Shanghai was over 35%, which strongly supported the peak period of electricity use.
In the summer of 10 years ago, it was also a hot weather, but there was a shortage of power supply across the country. The provinces and cities in the East China Power Grid region all lacked electricity, and there was a large area of ​​power cuts across the country. In that year, the seasonal and climatic causes and rapid economic growth brought about a surge in electricity demand, and power supply construction lags behind demand growth. The shortage of total installed capacity is the main reason for the tight supply of electricity; at the same time, due to weak inter-regional networking, Insufficient delivery channels and lack of resource allocation capacity, there is almost no effective interregional adjustment of surplus and shortages, and methods of shifting to peaks at the time of power shortage, further exacerbating the expansion and spread of the "electricity shortage."
In order to fundamentally improve the ability of the power grid to optimize the allocation of resources in a wider range and ensure the long-term safe and reliable supply of energy and power, the State Grid Corporation of China has been working hard to promote the planning and construction of UHV and other cross-regional power transmission channels. The practice of the overall balance of supply and demand for peak-hour power usage in the summer has also proved that these measures have played an important role in ensuring power supply, alleviating coal and electricity transportation tensions, and optimizing the allocation of resources.
In the future, under the multiple constraints of air pollution control, total energy consumption control, and scarcity of land resources, the space for building power supply in the central and eastern regions will be greatly reduced, and supply capacity will not be sufficient as demand growth will become the norm. According to the requirements of the new Action Plan for Prevention and Control of Atmospheric Pollution, in the future, core areas of pollution prevention and control in Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, the Yangtze River Delta, and the Pearl River Delta will require a negative growth in total coal-fired consumption. By 2020, the local electricity supply gap in the eastern and central regions will reach more than 200 million kilowatts. Faced with the new situation and development requirements, in the next 5 to 10 years, the state should make great efforts to plan and build a number of UHV AC/DC transmission lines to ensure the safe and reliable supply of energy and electricity, and realize clean and green development.
The author suggests that the implementation of cross-regional transmission channel construction planning should be promoted from the following aspects:
The first is to speed up the development of southwestern hydropower bases and the construction of outbound channels. In the next two years, Sichuan will add more than 10 million kilowatts of hydropower capacity each year. During the “Thirteenth Five-Year Plan†period, Sichuan will also put more than 30 million kilowatts of hydropower into operation. It is proposed that the southwest hydropower UHV transmission project be approved in accordance with the plan and be started in due course. In particular, the construction of UHV AC transmission projects such as Ya'an-Tongnan can form a combined pattern of hydropower and AC-DC transmission, effectively solving the issue of water and electricity abandonment.
The second is to increase the power transmission of Jinan, Shaanxi, and Mengning New Coal Power Bases. “Three West†and Ningxia take advantage of location near the load center, and through the construction of UHV AC/DC transmission channels, the scale of power transmission to the east and central regions will be further increased. By 2020, the power supply capacity in the central and eastern regions will be increased by more than 100 million kilowatts. . At the same time, we will promote the construction of the DC transmission channel of Xinjiang Jiangdian into Sichuan to form a complementary power supply structure of Sichuan and Hulu to meet the electricity demand of the hydropower province during the dry season.
The third is to speed up the approval of construction projects for the delivery of wind power bases such as Jiuquan and Mengxi, expand the market for wind power generation, and solve the problem of increasingly severe wind curtailment. Research shows that by 2020, more than 70% of the wind power in the “Three North†areas (North China, Northeast China, and Northwest China) will need to be transported outside the region, and the new energy sources such as wind power will be bundled and sent out using the outbound channel, which can be used efficiently. Clean energy can also improve the utilization efficiency and economy of the transmission channel.
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