Feed formula factor
The application of computer formula software has increased the constraints of feed formula to more than a dozen or more, which has greatly improved the quality of compound feed, but neglected the inspection of animal test in implementation. Most of the formulas were used for production without animal testing, ignoring the differences in geographical conditions, differences in water quality of the breeding grounds, differences in the origin of feed ingredients, differences in animal breeds and hybrid combinations, and different feeding methods. A good formula must be tested by local animal and feeding conditions. The method is mainly to conduct rigorous scientific experiments in the test field in the factory first, and the testing items are as many as possible. In view of the fact that food safety is increasingly valued by people, it is best to do this in conditions. Then select a representative area (point) to conduct a pilot test among the farmers to detect the main indicators such as animal weight gain, feed compensation, and economic benefits. Finally, the experiment was extended to the surface, and the expansion of the experiment was carried out to observe the indicators. Many feed mills have their own farms, but most of them use it as a digestive return or warehouse scrap. It is a pity.
The test on the surface should also be scientific and rigorous. There are a large number of factories, employing a large number of people (some as many as 300 to 400 people), and each village has two people in the farmer's home to do the test. This is a good thing, but unfortunately they did not follow the scientific feeding test method. To operate. Most of the selected animals have poor nutrition but good skeleton. The so-called gastric lavage before the test, that is, the feeding of substances such as lime water (even laxatives), allows the test pigs to empty the stomach and eat very little. Some even caused physiological dehydration in the test pigs. At the beginning of the experiment, the farmers personally called the fasting pigs in the morning, and then fed the materials (better) or additives they brought. The feeding period ended in about 10 days, or let the farmers call the pigs fast in the morning. The results are astonishing, ranging from 2 to 3 pounds per day to 3 to 5 pounds. On the surface, it is impeccable. The farmer’s home experiment, the farmer’s own pig feeding, is still a fake? But using scientific methods to analyze it, the result is untrustworthy and pseudoscience. First of all, we all know that the growth rate of malnourished animals in the short-term after the improvement of nutrition will greatly exceed the normal value, which is physiologically called growth compensation. The second is that the "fasting" twice before and after, the front of the fasting is not only the stomach is empty, even the intestines are empty, and even the physiological dehydration of the organism. The back of the fasting was full of food the night before. The stomach may only be half empty in the morning, but the intestines are full, and the body's dehydration is fully supplemented. The back of the "fasting" water so much, plus the calculation of daily gain, divided by a small number (7 to 10 days), can not "long" 3 pounds? If such an experiment does not understand the test method, it is unintentional and should be corrected. If it is intentional, it is a kind of deception.
Raw material testing problem
1. Detection of mycotoxins. In the past, raw materials also had the problem of mildew, but most of them were raw materials with less dosage (such as peanut cake), which had little effect on compound feed products. Therefore, people have not paid attention to it. With the replacement of the country's stockpiled grain, a large amount of corn and rice are used for feed, and corn and rice are the raw materials that account for a large proportion of the compound feed. If they have problems, the feed can be unaffected. According to some reports, in 2002, due to the use of a large amount of Chen corn in the compound feed, the abortion rate of the pregnant sows in the country increased by 10% to 15%, and the phenomenon of sham estrus is more common. The feed of toxins not only affects the production performance of the animals, but also may affect the safety of livestock and poultry foods due to residues, affecting people's health. It is hoped that feed manufacturers and feed monitoring departments at all levels will pay sufficient attention.
2. Microscopic examination of raw material adulterants. Most manufacturers only pay attention to the determination of conventional nutrients, such as the determination of crude protein, water, ash, etc., while ignoring the differential inspection of microscopic examination. For some feeds, it is difficult to distinguish between good quality and bad ingredients. Adulterants in fishmeal are a more typical example. Such as fishmeal mixed with vegetable cakes (mostly cheap cotton, rapeseed meal) and inferior animal protein materials (such as hydrolyzed feather powder, horn powder, blood meal, leather powder, meat and bone meal, etc.), determination of crude protein Pure protein can not be distinguished, but microscopic examination is a good identification method. It can be directly microscopically examined or removed by acid and alkali, and dissolved after dissolution of the soluble substance. Each substance has its own unique display. The microstructure has a "clear" effect under the microscope. The adulteration of raw materials is more serious. Not only the more expensive raw materials (such as amino acids, vitamins, fishmeal, soybean meal, etc.) are adulterated, but even the cheaper ones are used, and some are also mixed with yellow mud powder and white mud powder. Wait.
Using antibacterial problems
The use of non-therapeutic antibiotics as a growth promoter in feeds has been completely banned because of residual and bacterial resistance problems. Although consensus has been reached, there may still be a period of time when China is completely banned. Therefore, the use of antibacterial drugs in pig and poultry feed is still a common phenomenon. The problem is that most manufacturers use a lot of blindness in the use of antibacterial drugs. They are used in combination with multiple drugs and multiple drugs because they do not know which drugs are best. This phenomenon is particularly important in young animal feeds. prominent. The purpose is to better prevent the disease, but it ignores the side effects of "the drug is three-way poison." Eating too much medicine every day in the piglet stage may cause permanent damage to the body. It is recommended that feed companies often sample widely in their own sales areas, do bacterial isolation and drug susceptibility testing, and use high-sensitivity drugs, which not only has less medication, but also has good side effects and low cost.
Feed system acidity problem
Some feed manufacturers prefer to use mineral feed as a filler, which neglects two problems. First, it is easy to cause the metabolism of mineral elements; the second is to improve the acidity of the feed. According to some data, the acidity of piglet feed is best at 20 o'clock, and the quality of feed may be degraded by more than 30. Because the acidity of the feed is increased, the acidity of the feed in the gastrointestinal tract is inevitably lowered, and as a result, the digestibility of the feed is decreased, and the growth of beneficial microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract is also inhibited and the possibility of proliferation of harmful microorganisms is increased.
In addition, the discount on the implementation of the inspection system is also a factor affecting the instability of the product quality. In the system, each batch of raw materials must pass the inspection before entering the factory, and the products can only be shipped after passing the inspection. However, there are still some factories that are exempt from inspection when the origin of the raw materials is unchanged and the appearance is not large. When the raw materials and formulas are unchanged, not every batch of products must be inspected. The indicators for entrusted inspection, the good factory is checked once every quarter, more than once every six months, and some even once a year. The performance of the equipment is not tested as required. What is the best time for the mixer to stir? May not know, but their impact on the quality of compound feed is very large, I hope manufacturers pay attention.
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