China’s rare earth monopoly has begun to collapse. I have repeatedly said that in the past, although China is indeed holding the key to rare earth production, it is not necessary. Because, you must know that rare earths are never rare (not earth). They are rich in reserves, and if the United States really needs it, it can meet all the needs from other parts of the world. The situation in Kuantan, Malaysia is different. Lynas plans to build a rare earth processing plant there, but was protested by local residents and their Australian supporters. They said the plant will bring the local Come to 'millions of tons of toxic radioactive waste'. “Local residents have brought Linus to the Malaysian court, which has caused the company to revoke its business license. The decision was rejected again last Saturday.†Linus is interested in mining the deposits of Mount Weld. (The mine is rich in rare earth reserves) and plans to separate rare earth concentrates at this Malaysian plant. A massive protest against the government’s licensing of the company, as mentioned above, a few days ago the court overturned the previous verdict and Linus regained the license. Once opened and fully operational, the plant will produce approximately 20,000 tons of rare earth per year. This represents a large part of the global demand except China: it accounts for about 15% of global demand. This shows that this seeming monopoly does not have much practical use for China. It is true that China supplies 95%-97% of the world's rare earths, largely because they are willing to mine, and the supply price is so low that it is unwilling to try it in any other region. But once China tries to limit exports, that is, to use monopoly status to exert influence, then China will only encourage competition and eventually disintegrate this monopoly, instead of being able to call for it. The market does work, and the only monopoly that can be used for exploitation is a non-competitive monopoly. For something as rare as a rare earth, its monopoly is completely competitive and therefore cannot be used for exploitation. This is a simple economic point of view. A competing monopoly cannot be used for exploitation, because once it is attempted to exploit, it is threatened by competition. As for the protests about radiation waste, there is a small technical knowledge point. The original site of the new plant in Malaysia was originally a rare earth separation plant, and it did leave some radiation waste. However, this does not mean that there is a radiation hazard in the new plant. Because the two factories before and after processing are completely different types of minerals. The radiation content is also very different. A rare earth mine contains more or less a certain amount of strontium, sometimes in very small amounts, sometimes slightly more (10%-15% is unheard of). The hazard itself is not very harmful: of course, it is not recommended to ingest or inhale, but it will not cause too much damage to the human body under normal circumstances. For example, materials with a radon concentration below 500 ppm can be landfilled in a common hazardous material landfill without being transported to a radioactive waste landfill (which is really needed in the UK if I remember correctly). Of course, you won't want to It drifts around with the wind, but it is not as dangerous as some people understand. In addition, the ore content of the ore processed by the factory is much higher than that of the new factory (the old factory used to process tin slag, and it can be said that the content of strontium may reach 1% or higher from the situation of the site. ). The laws and regulations of the 1950s used to supervise the factory, and the vigilance of radioactive materials was far less than it is now. At least for me, there are two possible explanations for why everyone is fighting against the new factory or the nuclear radiation. First, people just don't understand the above technical problems. It is not so dangerous, its content is much lower than they think, and modern regulations will not allow it to leak into the environment unless it is only a small amount. The second is quite a conspiracy theory. Once the new plant is operational, it will hurt the interests of Chinese rare earth producers, who will find their monopoly to be competitive. A few years ago, perhaps for the purpose of maintaining a monopoly, they also tried to acquire Linus. If I am a Malaysian journalist, I will investigate the sources of funding behind these protests and lawsuits. But it is clear that this is just another conspiracy theory: and the lunar landing, 911 is the Bush administration internal conspiracy or Oswald (Lee Harvey Oswald; accused of assassinating President Kennedy, was arrested two days later by a nightclub The boss’s shooting is as self-reliant as there is no truth in Texas.
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