Currently, there are three main types of radiation-shielding fabrics available in the market. The first is a stainless steel fiber blend fabric, the second is a metallized fabric (coated with metal), and the third is a silver fiber fabric. Each has its own unique characteristics and applications.
1. Characteristics of Metal Fiber Blended Fabrics
Metal fiber blended fabrics are made by combining stainless steel fibers with cotton or synthetic fibers. Their effectiveness in blocking electromagnetic radiation depends largely on the amount and quality of the metal fibers used. The diameter, strength, and purity of these fibers significantly impact their shielding performance. As a result, the cost and quality of the metal fibers directly influence the overall performance of the fabric. Most products currently contain between 20% and 25% stainless steel fiber. Within the frequency range of 8 kHz to 20 GHz, they typically provide around 30 dB of shielding, which is sufficient for protecting against radiation from computers and common household appliances.
2. Characteristics of Metallized Fabrics
Metalized fabrics are produced using advanced technologies such as multi-target magnetron sputtering and composite coating. These materials are then used in layered clothing designed to block electromagnetic radiation. They offer excellent shielding performance, often achieving up to 60 dB within the same frequency range. However, they tend to be less breathable and may not be suitable for direct skin contact due to the presence of certain chemicals. This can make them uncomfortable for prolonged wear.
3. Characteristics of Silver Fiber Fabrics
Silver fiber fabrics use imported silver fibers, which are known for their excellent conductivity. These fibers are often combined with nylon filaments and processed through special techniques to create a lightweight, breathable, and durable fabric. They are highly resistant to washing and offer superior shielding performance across a wide range of frequencies. Tested by national certification centers, silver fiber fabrics can block up to 99.999% of electromagnetic waves in the 10 MHz to 30 GHz range. This makes them ideal for use in industries such as electronics, healthcare, military, aviation, and maternity wear, where electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) is essential.
Products made from silver fiber fabric are considered high-end radiation protection clothing. Not only do they provide enhanced shielding, but they also maintain a soft and comfortable feel, making them easy to wear and wash. Additionally, the fabric contains a large number of metal cations, which help in antibacterial and deodorizing effects, promote microcirculation in the skin, and cause no irritation or harm even with long-term use.
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