I. Agricultural measures
1. The use of cotton bollworms in winter, long-term wintering, and shallow depth, easy to turn over, destroying the diverticulum by deep tumbling, and then increasing the humidity by winter irrigation, so that most of the wintering in the ground The death of the dragonfly. Combined with the spring shovel to eliminate cockroaches, it can effectively lower the winter base. To change the existing farming system, the cotton field will be removed in time after the autumn, and the winter irrigation will be carried out to destroy the wintering environment of the cotton bollworm and reduce the wintering base. After the wheat harvest, the cotton field will be cultivated in time.
2. Large-scale contiguous planting of corn traps utilizes the habit of cotton bollworms to inhabit and lay eggs on corn. Planting corn traps around cotton fields can effectively reduce the amount of eggs in cotton fields and effectively kill them through timely drug control. Eggs, low density of insects. Or in the cotton field, press 8 rows: 1 row of corn, 3 meters - 5 meters, 1 hole - 3 holes per hole, 100 holes per acre. Make the corn male and the cotton buds consistent. The corn strains trap adult bollworm adults and eggs, which facilitates timely catching moths and killing eggs.
3. Poplar branches use the cotton bollworm adult to induce the adult tendon of the cotton branch, and the artificial moth hunting is one of the simple and effective comprehensive prevention measures, which can reduce the hatching rate by about 20%.
4. Artificial catch the worm ova left over after chemical control of late larvae, not only strong resistance, and most have bore into flowers, bolls, then medication has been difficult to work, especially the third and fourth generation cotton bollworm borer Strong, the drug is difficult to completely remove. Therefore, it is an effective measure to artificially capture older larvae after chemical control combined with pruning. In the work of controlling the three or four generations of cotton bollworms, according to the growth of cotton, rationally pruning and playing the right, completely remove the invalid flower buds, remove the fruitless branches, and bring out the concentrated treatment outside the field, which can greatly reduce the egg volume and insect amount in the field. By manually catching eggs and collecting eggs, the residual insect rate can be reduced by 28%-35%.
Second, physical measures to take advantage of the phototaxis of cotton bollworm, install black light, high-pressure mercury lamps or other lamps in cotton fields to trap adults. In particular, high-pressure mercury lamps have a significant effect on trapping cotton bollworms, which can reduce the number of eggs dropped by 30%-40%. The second generation of cotton bollworm has the best trapping effect. The average daily motive of a high-pressure mercury lamp is 3,068, the highest amount is 9,000, which is 24 times higher than the daily average moth of a black light, and the control effect is 50%- 60%. According to our experiments, the closer to the high-pressure mercury lamp, the lower the egg drop, the better the trapping effect. Therefore, the distance between the large cotton fields is 200-250 meters.
Third, biological control biological agents to prevent cotton bollworms for human safety, does not pollute the environment, will not make cotton bollworm resistant, but affected by environmental conditions, can be used in accordance with climate, insects and other measures. In the second generation of cotton bollworms, the cotton bollworms of the annual or spring cotton field were in the egg-bearing period, and mixed with organophosphorus pesticides with 200 times of Bt-781 emulsion, and sprayed once every 3 days. Protect and utilize natural enemies. Natural natural enemies such as Chrysopa sinica Tjeder, Trichogramma evanescens Westwood, and Orius spp. are used to control the damage. For example, the control of Trichogramma is generally carried out 2 to 3 times in the beginning and the prosperous period of the cotton bollworm, and 1.5 to 20,000 heads per acre. It can also be applied by spraying 250-300 times of Bt emulsion containing 16 billion live spores, or by Helicoverpa armigera nuclear polyhedrosis virus. Adult bollworm sex pheromones can also be used to trap adults.
4. Chemical control The chemical control of cotton bollworm is still an indispensable and effective main measure in the comprehensive control of cotton bollworm. In view of the single, blind, indiscriminate use and abuse of drugs in the current prevention and control work, the "four unifications" should be promoted, namely: unified measurement and reporting, unified standards, unified formula, unified prevention and control, and improved prevention and control effects. And pay attention to the following issues in the specific prevention and treatment:
1. Pay attention to the prevention and control indicators on the basis of systematic investigation and accurate measurement report. When different fields reach the prevention and control indicators, they should be promptly applied for prevention and treatment. At the same time, you can't see the worms, so as not to waste the medicine, increase the cost and reduce the control effect. Control indicators: 100 plants have 30 to 50 capsules in the second and third generations, and 50 to 100 capsules in the fourth generation. Insect-resistant cotton has better control effect on the second generation, and the prevention effect on the third and fourth generations is gradually reduced. Therefore, the insect-resistant cotton can appropriately relax the prevention and control indicators.
2. Grasping the critical period of application of pesticides, the key period for the treatment of cotton bollworms is from the egg-expansion period to the egg hatching period. According to the results of the investigation of the cotton bollworm moth eggs, combined with the climatic characteristics, timely forecasting and forecasting of the egg-expansion period to the egg hatching date.
3. Pay attention to the prevention and control of cotton bollworm in other crops around insect-resistant cotton. Due to the insect resistance of the insect-resistant cotton, the cotton bollworm spreads and accumulates in other crop fields outside the cotton field. These cotton field hosts are often overlooked. Therefore, while doing a good job in the control of cotton bollworm in cotton fields, we must also do a good job in the field control of surrounding crops in order to reduce the base of the next generation of insects and reduce the damage.
4. The medicine should be on the right path, and the varieties should be alternated. In the early stage of the occurrence of cotton bollworm, the egg and worm should be used as the agent; in the later stage, the agent with good insecticidal effect should be selected; when the residue is used, the agent with strong killing ability for the older larvae should be selected, and the drugs of different varieties should be alternated and rotated to delay the pests. Resistance occurs. Strengthen the measurement report, master the incubation period of each generation of eggs, choose 21% killing emulsifiable concentrate 6000 times solution, 90% trichlorfon 1000 times solution, 50% phoxim 1500 times solution, or 10% permethrin ( That is, pyrethrum 2000 times liquid, the effect is better Kaiwei 168, Sai Dan, Lavine, 3 days of control can reach more than 60%, of which Kaiwei 168 reached more than 90%, achieved better control effect. Kaiwei 168, Sai Dan, Raviin and other key prevention and control.
5. Pay attention to timely inspection to ensure that the quality of prevention and treatment should be checked in time after each use. If the amount of residual insects is still above the control index, it should be rectified in time to eliminate the cotton bollworm as much as possible before the 3rd instar. For the characteristics of the third generation and the fourth generation of cotton bollworms, it is not suitable to walk too fast when spraying. The dosage of the liquid used for the mu is not less than 60 kg-75 kg, and the spraying should be uniform, so that the nozzles are “two turns and one buckle, It is thoroughly penetrated to make the eggs of various parts of the cotton plant take medicine to ensure the quality of prevention and treatment. In addition, according to the habits of the cotton bollworm, it is advisable to use the medicine after 10:00 am and after 5 pm. (Xiaozhu)
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