It is commonly reported that some farmers find the effectiveness of disease and pest control during the rainy season to be unsatisfactory. This period is also when pests and diseases tend to be most active. To improve the efficacy of pesticide application, it's crucial to understand and apply proper techniques. Here are several key considerations for applying pesticides effectively during the rainy season:
**Check the Weather Before Application**
The best time to spray is before it rains, as applying after rain tends to wash away the chemicals, reducing their effectiveness. It's important to monitor weather forecasts and choose a dry window for spraying to maximize the impact of the treatment.
**Choose the Right Type of Pesticide**
During the rainy season, it's advisable to use systemic, fast-acting, rain-resistant, and microbial-based pesticides. These types are more effective in wet conditions and help maintain their potency even after rainfall.
1. **Systemic Pesticides**
These are absorbed by the plant through its roots, stems, and leaves and then transported throughout the plant. Examples include carbendazim, triadimefon, thiophanate-methyl, monocrotophos, carbofuran, and others. Once applied, about 80% of the active ingredients are absorbed within 4–5 hours, minimizing loss due to rain.
2. **Fast-Acting Pesticides**
Insecticides such as dichlorvos, chlorpyrifos, and pyrethroids work quickly, killing pests within 1–5 hours. They are less affected by rain and provide strong contact and stomach toxicity.
3. **Rain-Resistant Fungicides**
Fungicides like Jinggangmycin, Tricyclazole, and Scopolamine have good resistance to washing off. Even after heavy rain, they remain effective on the crop.
4. **Microbial Pesticides**
Products like *Bacillus thuringiensis* (BT), *Penicillium*, and *Beauveria bassiana* thrive in high humidity. Their spores germinate and reproduce better in wet conditions, making them ideal for rainy seasons.
**Add an Adhesive to the Spray Mixture**
Adding a small amount of detergent or surfactant to the pesticide solution can improve adhesion to plant surfaces. For example, mixing 50–75 grams of dish soap into 50 liters of liquid and applying it immediately can enhance effectiveness. However, it’s best to prepare and use the mixture right away, as prolonged storage may reduce performance.
**Spray with the Wind**
When spraying, it’s recommended to do so in the direction of the wind. This helps prevent drift and ensures the pesticide lands on the target plants rather than the ground, reducing waste and environmental exposure.
By following these practices, farmers can significantly improve the efficiency of pesticide application during the rainy season, leading to better pest and disease control while minimizing chemical loss.
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