Paint used in decoration
1. Clear oil: It is mainly used as a primer before painting, helping to create a smooth surface for the topcoat.
2. Original paint: Also known as lead oil, it is made by mixing pigments with drying oils and is often used to prepare putty for filling gaps and imperfections.
3. Blending paint: Also called mixed paint, it comes in two types—grease-based and natural resin-based. These are commonly used for decorative finishes.
4. Varnish: Known as a protective coating, it is available in oil-based and resin-based varieties. Examples include ester varnish, novolac, alkyd, nitrocellulose, and shellac. It offers high gloss, quick drying, and wide usage in furniture and woodwork.
5. Magnetic paint: Made by grinding varnish with pigments, this type of paint is popular for its aesthetic appeal. Common options include phenolic and alkyd enamels.
6. Anti-rust paint: Available in oil-based and resin-based forms, it is ideal for protecting metal surfaces from corrosion.
7. Latex paint: This water-based paint is widely used for interior wall finishes due to its breathability, resistance to alkali, and non-toxic nature. Once dry, it remains durable without blistering or discoloration.
8. The main ingredients of paint include five key components:
(1) Oil: This includes both drying and semi-drying oils, which act as primary film-forming agents.
(2) Resin: Natural and synthetic resins serve as another essential part of the film-forming system.
(3) Pigments: These include coloring agents, body pigments, and anti-rust pigments. They are secondary film-forming substances that add color and protection.
(4) Thinner: Composed of solvents and diluents, it helps dissolve the other components and adjust the paint’s consistency.
(5) Additives: Such as driers, curing agents, plasticizers, and moisture inhibitors, these assist in the application and performance of the paint.
Decorative coatings consist of three main parts:
Main film-forming substances: These are the core components that form the actual paint film, such as binders and adhesives.
Secondary film-forming materials: These contribute to the final finish but cannot form a complete film on their own.
Auxiliary film-forming materials: These include solvents like gasoline, turpentine, and acetone, as well as additives like emulsifiers, wetting agents, defoamers, and stabilizers. They enhance the paint's workability and durability.
In the organic synthesis industry, urea is used to produce high polymer synthetic materials. Urea formaldehyde resin is used in the production of plastics, paints, and adhesives, and can also be used as a raw material for melamine resin in the petroleum industry. Urea is used as a dewaxing agent in the petroleum refining process. In the textile industry, urea is used to manufacture pulse containing polymers as a raw material for one of the synthetic fiber varieties, Eulon.
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