A: The first thing you should consider is the maximum pressure on your system. Generally, the pressure sensor pressure range you need should be a maximum of 1.5 times the maximum pressure of your system. The additional pressure range we recommend is due to many systems, especially water pressure and process control, with pressure spikes or continuous pulses. These spikes can reach five or even ten times the “maximum†pressure and can cause damage to the sensor. Continuous high-voltage pulses that approach or exceed the sensor's maximum rated pressure also reduce sensor life. But simply increasing the rated pressure of the sensor is not a perfect solution, as it will sacrifice the resolution of the sensor. You can use a buffer to attenuate spikes, but this is just a compromise because it reduces the sensor's response speed.
All pressure sensors are designed to withstand maximum pressure in 200 million cycles without degrading performance. You need to find a compromise between system performance and sensor life when choosing a sensor.
2. What is a pressure medium?
A: Another key factor to consider when selecting a sensor is the medium being measured. Will it be a viscous liquid or a slurry in the pressure head? Is the contact with the sensor a soluble or corrosive medium or a clean, dry air?
3. What kind of accuracy does the sensor need to achieve?
A: Accuracy is a term commonly used by manufacturers to describe sensor output errors. These errors may be due to nonlinearity, hysteresis, non-reproducibility, temperature, zero balance, correction, and humidity effects. Many manufacturers specify accuracy as a combination of nonlinearity, hysteresis, and non-reproducibility. For many sensors, the “accuracy†is lower than the nominal value due to factors such as temperature and zero balance.
The terms "technical nouns" explain these terms in more detail. The cost of a sensor with higher accuracy will be higher, so does your system really need such high precision? Systems using high-precision sensors and low-resolution instruments are an inefficient solution.
4. What is the temperature resistance of the sensor?
A: Pressure sensors, like all physical equipment systems, can cause errors or even be unusable in extreme temperature environments. Generally each sensor will have two temperature ranges, the working range and the compensation range. The compensation range is included in the scope of work.
The working range means that within this range, the sensor can be exposed to the medium without damage after it is energized. However, this does not mean that the performance can reach the nominal specification (temperature coefficient) when it is outside the compensation range.
The compensation range is generally a narrower range within the working range. Within this range, the sensor ensures that the nominal specifications are met. The change in temperature affects the sensor in two ways, one causing zero drift and the other affecting the output of the entire range. The sensor specification should list these errors in the following form: ± x% full scale / ° C, ± x % reading / ° C, ± x % full scale over the entire temperature compensation range, or ± x % over the entire temperature compensation range reading. Failure to do so will cause uncertainty in your use. So is the change in sensor output due to pressure changes or temperature changes? Temperature effects will be the most complex part of understanding how to use the sensor.
5. What output should I use?
A: Almost all sensors have a millivolt output, or voltage amplification, or milliamps, or frequency output. The type of output you choose depends on the distance between your sensor and system control or display components, noise, and other electrical disturbances, as well as whether you need to zoom in, optimally position the amplifier, and more. For many original equipment manufacturers, their control elements and sensors are very short, so millivolt output is generally sufficient and less expensive.
If you need to amplify the sensor output, it is easier to use another sensor with a built-in amplifier. In long-distance cables, or in areas with large electrical noise, mA output or frequency output is required. In environments with high levels of RF interference and electromagnetic interference, you need to consider adding additional shielding or filtering equipment outside of the mA and frequency outputs.
6. What is the excitation voltage?
A: The type of output may determine the excitation voltage you need. Many amplified sensors have built-in voltage regulators that can operate over a wide range of unregulated voltage sources. Some sensors are proportional and require an adjusted excitation source. The power used will determine whether you are using regulated or unregulated power. This requires a compromise between system cost and all incentives.
7. Do I need sensors that are interchangeable?
A: Is sensor interchangeability important for different systems, or do you correct every part of the system? This is a very important issue, especially for original equipment manufacturers. When you send the product to the customer, the cost of the correction is high. If your sensors are interchangeable, you can replace the sensor in the system while still maintaining the parameters.
8. What is the time stability of the sensor?
A: Most sensors will “drift†over time. It is important to understand the long-term sensor stability. This up-front work needs to reduce the problems that may be encountered in the future.
9. What is the level of robustness of the sensor?
A: A factor that is very painful for users is often encountered. What is the mechanical strength of the sensor, especially its outer casing? It is important to consider the environment in which the sensor will be applied. Is it in a high humidity or water vapor environment? Is there a high-intensity shock or impact? These issues should be considered when choosing the type of enclosure.
10. How do I connect my sensor to my electrical system?
A: Is the short cable on the sensor sufficient? Or, in a long cable application, do you need to add a connector to the sensor? Most pressure sensors can provide cables or connectors.
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