The shell activated carbon can be divided into the following types according to the use:
Shell activated carbon is a net fruit shell activated carbon, gas/air purifying carbon, carbon for gas separation, gold extraction shell activated carbon, reagent shell activated carbon, catalyst carrier shell activated carbon, shell activated carbon catalyst, sugar decolorized shell activated carbon, Alcohol-specific shell activated carbon, MSG decolorized shell activated carbon, injection shell activated carbon, industrial shell activated carbon, medicinal shell activated carbon, blood purification shell activated carbon, cigarette filter shell activated carbon, automotive charcoal, shell activated carbon cloth Fiber, super capacitor shell activated carbon, shell activated carbon crafts, other
Due to the different sources of raw materials, manufacturing methods, appearance and application, there are many types (variety) of activated carbon in shells. So far, there are no accurate statistical materials. It is estimated that there are no fewer than 1,000 varieties of activated carbon in the world.
1. According to the source of raw materials
1.1 Woody shell activated carbon
The woody shell activated carbon refers to the shell activated carbon product made from wood, crop straw, bamboo and its processing waste and shell.
1.2 Animal bones, charcoal
The use of animal bones and blood as raw materials, carbon produced according to a certain method (some carbon content is only a few tenths of a percent) also has an excellent adsorption performance. In a strict sense, this product cannot be regarded as a shell activated carbon. But people are also used to calling it a shell-shell activated carbon.
1.3 Mineral raw material shell activated carbon
This type of husk activated carbon mainly refers to various coal and petroleum and its processed products (including coal tar, coal tar pitch, coal semi-coke, petroleum hydrocarbons, petroleum residue, petroleum tar, petroleum coke, etc.). Fruit shell activated carbon
Other raw material shell activated carbon
For the purpose of scientific research and special purposes, as well as expanding the source of raw materials for the shell of activated carbon, it is also possible to manufacture shell-shell activated carbon from synthetic resin, waste rubber, waste plastics, organic matter in domestic and industrial waste, and the like.
It is now also possible to use metal carbide as a raw material to remove the metal to produce a shell-shell activated carbon having a particularly developed mesoporous.
1.5 Recycled fruit shell activated carbon
In order to make full use of the resources, many of the used activated carbons that have been used and have lost the adsorption of the activated carbon shell have been restored to all or part of the adsorption performance and reused. The process of re-adsorption activity of the shell-shell activated carbon with loss of adsorption performance is called regeneration of the shell-shell activated carbon, and the shell-shell activated carbon processed by the regeneration process is called recycled shell-shell activated carbon. The regeneration methods include thermal regeneration, chemical elution, solvent extraction regeneration, and biological regeneration.
2. Control method
2.1 Chemical Method Shell Activated Carbon (Chemical Charcoal)
A method in which a carbonaceous raw material is mixed with a certain chemical and then heat-treated to obtain a shell-shell activated carbon is called a chemical method. The shell activated carbon produced by chemical method is also called chemical shell shell activated carbon or chemical char.
Chemicals that can be used as chemical methods are also called activators. Activators include zinc chloride, calcium chloride, potassium carbonate, phosphoric acid, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfide, sulfuric acid, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, boric acid, and the like. In summary, many acids, bases, and salts can be used as activators, mainly considering the activator used in the performance and economy of the shell activated carbon.
Generally speaking, the secondary micropores and mesopores (ie, pores with pore diameters or pore widths larger than 1.5 nm) in the pores of chemical charcoal are more developed, and are mainly used for gas phase (steam) adsorption in liquid phase adsorption refining and solvent recovery.
The chemical method for the production of shell-shell activated carbon should be given great attention to environmental protection during the manufacturing process due to the addition of chemicals, and the influence of trace elements that may be present in the product.
2.2 Physical method shell activated carbon
Using carbon as raw material, using steam, carbon dioxide, air (mainly oxygen) or a mixture thereof (flue gas) as the activation medium, the method of activating activated carbon at high temperature (600-1000 ° C) is called physical method. . The husk activated carbon produced by the physical method is called the physical method of shell-shell activated carbon, also called physics.
Generally speaking, the micropores of physical carbon (pores with pore diameter or pore width less than 1.5 nm) are developed, mainly for gas phase adsorption or small molecule liquid phase adsorption.
2.3 Chemistry - Physical Law or Physics - Chemical Method
While understanding chemical and physical carbon, it should also mention chemical-physical or physical-chemical shell activated carbon. Different pore materials can be used to control the pore structure of the shell-shell activated carbon by using different raw materials and using different chemical methods and physical methods to obtain a variety of shell-shell activated carbon with different properties. This kind of chemical-physical or physical-chemical method is a method for preparing shell-shell activated carbon that is of great concern to the shell-shell activated carbon workers in the world for many years and for a long time to come.
3 . According to the shape of the appearance
3.1 powdered shell activated carbon
Generally, more than 90% of the shell-shell activated carbon passing through the 80-mesh standard sieve or the particle size of less than 0.175 mm is generally referred to as powdered shell-shell activated carbon or powdered charcoal. Powdered carbon has the advantages of faster adsorption speed and sufficient adsorption capacity, but requires a proprietary separation method. With the advancement of separation technology and the emergence of certain application requirements, the particle size of powdered carbon tends to become more and more refined, and some occasions have reached micron or even nanometer.
3.2 Granular shell activated carbon
The shell activated carbon with a particle size greater than 0.175 mm is generally referred to as a granular shell activated carbon.
The granular shell activated carbon is further divided into the following types.
3.2.1 Unshaped particles of shell activated carbon
The activated carbon of the amorphous shell is generally carbonized and activated by the raw material of the pellet, and then crushed and sieved to the required particle size, or can be formed by appropriately adding the powdered shell activated carbon to a suitable binder.
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