During the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period, China's new energy power generation industry is expected to experience significant growth, with photovoltaic (PV) power generation playing a central role. This rapid development will bring new opportunities and vitality to the wire and cable industry. Although the cost of PV systems has decreased in recent years, the decline has not met expectations. Building a cost-effective and profitable PV plant remains the top priority for solar manufacturers. However, profitability depends not only on the efficiency and performance of solar modules but also on the quality of other components that may seem unrelated at first glance. High-quality components are essential to ensure long-term system reliability and prevent costly maintenance issues.
Photovoltaic cables are one of the key components in any solar system. While many people overlook the importance of the wiring system connecting PV modules to the inverter, using non-dedicated cables can significantly reduce the lifespan of the entire system. Solar systems often operate under harsh environmental conditions, such as high temperatures and intense UV radiation. In Europe, for example, temperatures can reach up to 100°C during sunny days. Currently, materials like PVC, rubber, and TPE are commonly used, but their temperature ratings are limited—often below 90°C. Rubber and PVC cables rated at 70°C are frequently used outdoors, which can lead to premature degradation and reduced system efficiency.
For photovoltaic applications, outdoor cables must be designed to withstand UV exposure, ozone, extreme temperature fluctuations, and chemical attacks. Using low-quality materials under these conditions can result in brittle cable jackets and damaged insulation, increasing the risk of electrical loss, short circuits, and even fires. Over time, these issues can pose serious safety risks, including potential personal injury.
During installation and maintenance, cables are often exposed to sharp edges, pressure, bending, tension, and impact. If the cable jacket lacks sufficient strength, the insulation can be compromised, leading to system failure or dangerous situations. Therefore, selecting durable and high-quality cables is crucial for ensuring the longevity and safety of the entire photovoltaic system.
The development of the wire and cable industry in China has seen both progress and challenges. The Twelfth Five-Year Plan marked a critical phase for the sector, driven by the country’s rapid GDP growth and the expansion of large hydropower projects and the photovoltaic industry. This led to an influx of both large and small companies, injecting vitality into the market but also creating some negative effects, such as substandard products and price competition.
In 2012, slowing GDP growth and shrinking profit margins forced many companies to cut corners, producing counterfeit or low-quality products to remain competitive. Market pressures often led to choosing the lowest bids, which hindered the overall development of the industry. Improving product quality became a pressing need.
Photovoltaic companies in China face the challenge of sourcing high-quality, specialized cables for their projects. The quality of these cables directly impacts the safety and performance of their projects. Quality issues have become a major barrier to the competitiveness of the entire photovoltaic supply chain. While China's wire and cable industry has made progress, there is still a gap between current product quality and user expectations.
Quality remains the core of the wire and cable industry, and addressing quality concerns is essential for sustainable development. Despite ongoing challenges like low-price competition and lack of innovation, it is vital for Chinese companies to work together with governments, regulatory bodies, and consumers to promote industry standards and improve product quality.
Industry standards play a crucial role in guiding the selection, procurement, and use of photovoltaic cables. The "Cable Power System Cable" standard, developed by the China National Electrical Equipment Industry Association and other organizations, was published in 2012. It addresses the lack of specific standards for photovoltaic cables, helping to align cable life with that of photovoltaic modules and improving system performance and maintenance efficiency.
Additionally, international certifications are becoming increasingly important for accessing global markets. For example, Tianjin Jinshan Wire and Cable Co., Ltd. successfully obtained German Rheinland certification for its photovoltaic cables, opening doors to the European market. Third-party testing and certification ensure that products meet rigorous national and international standards, giving consumers confidence in product quality.
While the Chinese market continues to grow, the global cable industry is maturing, with increased competition from Asian and European manufacturers. As a result, the need for high-quality, certified products has never been greater. With a focus on quality, innovation, and compliance, the wire and cable industry can continue to thrive in an ever-evolving market.
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