This standard outlines the procedure for evaluating the stability of **pesticide** emulsions. The test is designed to determine whether the emulsion remains homogeneous under controlled conditions, ensuring its quality and performance.
**1. Reagents and Solutions**
- 1. Anhydrous calcium chloride (HGB 3208-60): Analytically pure grade.
- 2. Magnesium chloride hexahydrate (GB 672-65): Analytically pure grade.
- 3. Calcium carbonate (HGB 3117-59): Analytically pure grade.
- 4. Magnesium oxide (HGB 3114-59): Analytically pure grade.
- 5. Hydrochloric acid (GB 622-77): Analytically pure grade.
- 6. Standard hard water: Prepared to a hardness of 342 ppm as calcium carbonate. Two methods are available:
- **Method A:** Dissolve 0.304 g of anhydrous calcium chloride and 0.139 g of magnesium chloride hexahydrate in distilled water and dilute to 1 liter.
- **Method B:** Dissolve 2.740 g of calcium carbonate and 0.276 g of magnesium oxide in a small volume of 2N hydrochloric acid. Evaporate to dryness on a water bath to remove excess acid. Dissolve the residue in a 100 ml volumetric flask and dilute to the mark with distilled water. Then take 10 ml of this solution and dilute it to 1000 ml with distilled water.
Either method can be used depending on availability and preference.
**2. Equipment**
- 7. Measuring cylinder: 100 ml, with an inner diameter of 28 ± 2 mm and a height of 250 ± 5 mm.
- 8. Beaker: 250 ml, with a diameter of 60–65 mm.
- 9. Glass stirring bar: Diameter between 6–8 mm.
- 10. Pipette: 5 ml with a scale of 0.1 ml.
- 11. Constant temperature water bath.
**3. Procedure**
In a 250 ml beaker, add 100 ml of standard hard water at a temperature of 25–30°C. Using a pipette, carefully add the required amount of emulsion sample according to the specified dilution ratio for each product, bringing the total volume to 100 ml. After adding the emulsion, continue stirring at 2–3 rpm for 30 seconds to ensure proper mixing.
Immediately transfer the mixture into a clean, dry 100 ml measuring cylinder and place it in a constant temperature water bath set to 25–30°C. Allow the emulsion to stand undisturbed for one hour. After this time, carefully observe the contents of the cylinder for any signs of separation, such as oil slicks, oil layers, or precipitates.
If no visible separation occurs, the emulsion is considered stable and meets the required standards. This test is essential for assessing the long-term performance and reliability of pesticide formulations in real-world applications.
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