Electric power is transmitted by first boosting the electricity generated by a generator using a transformer, and then sending it through transmission lines via control devices like circuit breakers. Transmission lines can be categorized into two main types: overhead lines and underground cables. Overhead lines are constructed using poles, wires, and insulators, and they run above ground level. In contrast, underground lines are installed beneath the ground or underwater using cables. Overhead lines are generally easier to install and maintain, making them a cost-effective option. However, they are more vulnerable to environmental factors such as strong winds, lightning, and pollution. They also require significant land space and may cause electromagnetic interference. On the other hand, underground lines avoid these issues and provide a more stable and visually unobtrusive solution. However, their installation and maintenance are more expensive and complex, and locating faults can be challenging. Due to their lower cost and ease of deployment, overhead lines remain the most commonly used method for power transmission. Underground lines are typically preferred in urban areas or in regions where overhead lines are impractical, such as over rivers, dense forests, or in heavily populated zones. This combination of methods ensures efficient and reliable power distribution across different environments.
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