Soil testing and formula fertilization is the first key strategy in improving agricultural efficiency. This method involves analyzing the nutrient content of the soil before applying fertilizers, ensuring that crops receive exactly the right amount of nutrients they need. By doing so, it helps avoid overuse and waste. Compared to traditional fertilization practices, this approach can increase the yield of major food crops like rice, wheat, and corn by 6% to 10%, while also boosting efficiency by more than 30 yuan per unit. For economic crops, the benefits are even more significant, with an average increase of over 80 yuan. According to agricultural statistics, demonstration areas using this method typically reduce excess fertilizer application by 1 to 2 kg per mu. As of 2012, the nationwide implementation of soil testing and formula fertilization helped cut irrational fertilizer use by over 8.5 million tons, reducing nitrogen and phosphorus losses by 6% to 30%. This not only saved production costs but also reduced resource consumption, achieving a double benefit.
The second strategy is promoting the use of slow-release fertilizers. These are advanced fertilizers designed to release nutrients gradually over time, meeting the crop's needs throughout the growing season. After years of trials and promotion, slow-release fertilizers have proven highly effective in saving fertilizer, increasing yields, and improving efficiency. Compared to conventional fertilizers used by farmers, their average yield increase is around 10%, with some cases reaching as high as 40%. Farmers also see better economic returns, with an average income increase of 120 yuan per mu and up to 240 yuan in some instances.
The third measure is expanding the use of water-soluble fertilizers. These are multi-element compound fertilizers that dissolve completely in water, making them more easily absorbed by plants. Compared to traditional options like superphosphate or granular compound fertilizers, water-soluble fertilizers offer better absorption rates—over 80% to 90%, which is more than twice that of regular fertilizers. Norwegian fertilizer expert Dr. Moran once pointed out that China has the world’s second-largest irrigated land area and the highest fertilizer usage globally. Improving water and fertilizer efficiency remains a major challenge. In the 1960s, the U.S. saw a dramatic rise in fertilizer efficiency due to widespread adoption of water-soluble fertilizers.
Farmers Daily
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