The evaluation of security engineering enterprise qualifications involves more than just standards, norms, procedures, processes, methods, and work approaches; it also includes policy and strategic considerations. Familiarity with the essence of security projects, including their implications and characteristics, is crucial. The performance of these projects forms the core of the assessment and is its most significant aspect. Drawing from past experiences and shortcomings, this brief explanation focuses on aspects of project performance appraisal relevant to assessors' work. Hopefully, this will aid in the qualification assessment of security engineering enterprises.
### I. Classification and Identification of Security Engineering Performance
In assessment work, accurately defining security project performance requires a clear understanding of foundational concepts and the basic traits of the security technology prevention system. This includes recognizing the development trends and directions of security systems and their connection with the building's weak current system. The fundamental concept of the prevention system involves employing products such as intrusion alarm systems, video surveillance systems, access control systems, explosive safety inspection systems, parking lot management systems, and other related equipment to create an electronic patrol system or a combined/sub-integrated electronic system.
Key features of the security technology prevention system include its purpose: combining specialized equipment and software with anti-intrusion, anti-theft, anti-robbery, and anti-explosion functions into an integrated whole to construct an information technology network capable of detection, delay, and response. Security precautions fall under three main categories—human protection, physical prevention, and technological prevention—and the discussion here primarily concerns the security technology prevention system project.
With advancements in information technology and improved living standards, current security systems are trending toward digitalization, intelligence, and networking. Integrated, intelligent, and coordinated security systems have seen significant progress. Network products (like network cameras and network video servers) represent the mainstream in recent years. Intelligence in these systems manifests in several ways:
1. Alarm detection devices minimize false alarms through dual-technology and dual-function detectors.
2. Biometric technologies enhance recognition accuracy.
3. Advanced methods detect explosives.
4. Infrared and Doppler radar track specific targets.
5. Night vision systems enable nighttime surveillance.
6. GPS systems provide real-time vehicle monitoring, aiding in robbery and theft prevention.
7. The 3G system optimizes navigation and driving paths.
Weak current systems, relative to strong electric systems, operate below AC 36V and DC 24V. Despite their lower voltage, weak current systems handle critical tasks like information transmission and control. They contrast with strong current systems, which focus on energy processing with high voltage, large current, and high power. Weak current systems encompass CCTV monitoring, burglar alarms, access controls, electronic patrols, parking management, video intercoms, home intelligence, background music, LED displays, DLP screens, building automation, lightning protection, and more. Different buildings require varying weak current systems depending on their functions.
For instance, a telephone communication system supports audio-based communication, while a computer LAN system facilitates high-speed data transmission. Music/broadcasting systems deliver audio signals via loudspeakers, and cable TV systems distribute RF signals using coaxial cables. Security monitoring systems rely on cameras and detectors, fire alarm systems integrate multiple subsystems, and entrance control systems use smart cards and biometric devices. Parking fee management systems monitor vehicle entry and exit, and building automation systems regulate environmental parameters and equipment operations.
Determining whether a project qualifies as a security project is essential. Projects involving information networks, integrated cabling, or fire protection systems are not considered security projects. However, installation and integration of security subsystems, particularly monitoring, alarm, and access control systems, can qualify if backed by proper contracts, design documents, and acceptance reports. Sales-oriented businesses cannot claim these as security performance unless they involve actual installations and integrations.
### II. Considerations in Security Project Performance Review
Multiple documents contribute to project completion data, including contracts, equipment lists, design files, construction plans, and acceptance reports. Key areas of review include contract details, equipment lists, design plans, and acceptance reports.
Contract reviews focus on verifying signatures, ensuring no subcontracting, and confirming construction and acceptance terms. Equipment lists must align with project scales and subsystem costs. For example, a weak current project worth $5 million may list over $3 million for security-related systems, raising suspicion about the list's authenticity.
Acceptance reports validate project integrity. Comprehensive engineering data confirms project authenticity, which is vital for assessing performance.
### III. Determination of Security Project Levels
Level 1 projects involve first-tier risks or investments ≥ $1 million. Secondary projects involve second-tier risks or investments ≥ $300,000. Cultural and banking systems follow specific guidelines. Risk levels for banks and airports are defined based on national standards and highest risk factors.
Understanding the interconnectedness of the six primary security subsystems is crucial for accurate assessments. Evaluating new or rare systems requires a thorough grasp of security technology definitions.
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